top of page

Family Apidae > Genus Epimelissodes

Epimelissodes
Longhorn Bees

In Minnesota, there are two described species within the genus Epimelissodes (formerly Svastra)Both species are uncommon to rare. Bees in this genus resemble Melissodes but are generally larger in size. Epimelissodes nest in the ground and have solitary nests. One of the two species in Minnesota, Epimelissodes obliqua, is a pollen specialist of late summer-blooming plants in the family Asteraceae. Epimelissodes females collect pollen on long hairs on their hind leg tibiae. 

Epimelissodes males have a brightly colored (white or light yellow) clypeus and long antennae. Both males and females have oval tegulae, a long glossa (tongue), a head that is as wide as the thorax, and a tuft of hairs on the metanotum (rear section of the thorax). Males have blue-green eyes and light-colored mandibles. Note: It is very difficult to tell Epimelissodes apart from Melissodes from an observation or photograph. Melissodes are much more common however, and both genera are active at the same time. Epimelissodes range in length from 10 to 21 mm (0.39 to 0.83 inches).

Epimelissodes atripes ©Angella Moorehouse

Epimelissodes atripes atripes female visiting Monarda punctata.

Epimelissodes obliqua ©Michelle Orcutt
Epimelissodes wing position on flowers

Wing
position 
on flowers

2

no. species
in MN

size range

Epimelissodes size range

Phenology

Epimelissodes phenology

Genus Characteristics

Males with long antennae, white or light yellow clypeus, light mandibles, and blue-green eyes. 

Males and females with oval tegula, a head as wide as the thorax, and robust shape.

Svastra obliqua ©Michelle Orcutt

Females with long pollen-collecting hairs on the hind leg tibia and basitarsus.

female

Epimelissodes Species in Minnesota

Scientific Name
Likely Lecty
Host
Epimelissodes atripes
polylectic
Epimelissodes obliqua
oligolectic
Helianthus (Arduser)

Source: Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Minnesota Bee Species List (August 2023). 
https://files.dnr.state.mn.us/eco/mcbs/mn-statewide-bee-list.pdf

Explore More Apidae Genera

Explore Other Bee Families

Mining and
fairy bees

Calliopsis andreniformis

Sweat bees

AgapostemonVirescensFem.jpg

Apidae

Bumble, digger, longhorn, squash, carpenter bees
and allies

BombusAuriEutroc.jpg

Resin, carder, mason, and leafcutter bees

MegachilePugnata.jpg

Cellophane and masked bees

ColletesInaequalis.jpg

Loosestrife oil bees

Macropis.png

Citations and Further Reading

Droege, S., Shumar, S., & Maffei, C. (2024). The Very Handy Bee Manual (2.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812755

Mitchell, T. B. (1960). Bees of the eastern United States. Technical Bulletin No. 141. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station.

Portman, Z. M., Gardner, J., Lane, I. G., Gerjets, N., Petersen, J. D., Ascher, J. S., ... & Cariveau, D. P. (2023). A checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Minnesota. Zootaxa, 5304(1), 1-95.

Wilson, J. S., & Messinger Carril, O. J. (2016). The bees in your backyard: a guide to North America's bees. Princeton University Press.

Page Photography Credits

Heather Holm
Joel Gardner
CC BY-ND-NC 1.0 (Melittidae)
Steve Mlodinow CC BY-NC 4.0 (Brachymelecta)
Michelle Orcutt CC-BY-NC 4.0 (Epimelissodes female)

bottom of page