Family Apidae > Genus Epimelissodes
Epimelissodes
Longhorn Bees
In Minnesota, there are two described species within the genus Epimelissodes (formerly Svastra). Both species are uncommon to rare. Bees in this genus resemble Melissodes but are generally larger in size. Epimelissodes nest in the ground and have solitary nests. One of the two species in Minnesota, Epimelissodes obliqua, is a pollen specialist of late summer-blooming plants in the family Asteraceae. Epimelissodes females collect pollen on long hairs on their hind leg tibiae.
Epimelissodes males have a brightly colored (white or light yellow) clypeus and long antennae. Both males and females have oval tegulae, a long glossa (tongue), a head that is as wide as the thorax, and a tuft of hairs on the metanotum (rear section of the thorax). Males have blue-green eyes and light-colored mandibles. Note: It is very difficult to tell Epimelissodes apart from Melissodes from an observation or photograph. Melissodes are much more common however, and both genera are active at the same time. Epimelissodes range in length from 10 to 21 mm (0.39 to 0.83 inches).

Epimelissodes atripes atripes female visiting Monarda punctata.


Wing
position
on flowers
2
no. species
in MN
size range

Phenology

Genus Characteristics
Males with long antennae, white or light yellow clypeus, light mandibles, and blue-green eyes.
Males and females with oval tegula, a head as wide as the thorax, and robust shape.

Females with long pollen-collecting hairs on the hind leg tibia and basitarsus.
female
Epimelissodes Species in Minnesota
Scientific Name | Likely Lecty | Host |
---|---|---|
Epimelissodes atripes | polylectic | |
Epimelissodes obliqua | oligolectic | Helianthus (Arduser) |
Source: Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Minnesota Bee Species List (August 2023).
https://files.dnr.state.mn.us/eco/mcbs/mn-statewide-bee-list.pdf
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Citations and Further Reading
Droege, S., Shumar, S., & Maffei, C. (2024). The Very Handy Bee Manual (2.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812755
Mitchell, T. B. (1960). Bees of the eastern United States. Technical Bulletin No. 141. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station.
Portman, Z. M., Gardner, J., Lane, I. G., Gerjets, N., Petersen, J. D., Ascher, J. S., ... & Cariveau, D. P. (2023). A checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Minnesota. Zootaxa, 5304(1), 1-95.
Wilson, J. S., & Messinger Carril, O. J. (2016). The bees in your backyard: a guide to North America's bees. Princeton University Press.
Page Photography Credits
Heather Holm
Joel Gardner CC BY-ND-NC 1.0 (Melittidae)
Steve Mlodinow CC BY-NC 4.0 (Brachymelecta)
Michelle Orcutt CC-BY-NC 4.0 (Epimelissodes female)