Bombus impatiens
Common Eastern Bumble Bee
In the southern two-thirds of Minnesota, Bombus impatiens is one of the most commonly observed bumble bees. New queens (gynes) establish a nest belowground at various depths, often selecting abandoned rodent or small mammal burrows. Gynes emerge from hibernation in late April or early May, typically after the emergence of the similar-looking Bombus bimaculatus (two-spotted bumble bee). Workers typically begin emerging in mid-May, males in July, and gynes in early August.
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Bombus impatiens is commercially bred for agricultural pollination and this species has been introduced outside of its range including in the Pacific Northwest. In its native range, populations are stable and expanding northward into parts of the eastern United States and southern Ontario.
Bombus impatiens has a light yellow hairs on the thorax with a central hazy black spot (females) or more defined black spot (males). The first abdominal segment or tergite (T1) has yellow hairs, the remaining tergites have black hairs. Females have black hairs on the face and mostly black hairs vertex (back of the head or "neck") with some mixed light hairs next to the thorax. Males have yellow hairs on the face and vertex. Both males and females have medium to light brown wings.

female
Species Characteristics

female
Hazy black spot
on thorax
Black hairs
on face
Yellow hairs on T1
Black hairs on T2-T6
Corbicula
present
Wings
medium brown
Black hairs on vertex with a few light hairs by thorax

female

Yellow hairs on face
Corbicula
absent
Black hairs on T2-T7
Yellow hairs on T1
male
Yellow hairs
on vertex
Light hairs
on sternites

male

female

male

female

female

A Bombus impatiens female pries open a
Gentiana andrewsii (bottle gentian) flower.
Plant
Associations
Bombus impatiens is a medium-tongued bumble bee species that visits a wide variety of native flowering plants. Males, workers, and new gynes are abundant in late summer and early autumn visiting goldenrods and asters.

Chamaecrista fasciculata
(partridge pea)

Nabalus albus
(white rattlesnake-root)

Lithospermum canescens
(hoary puccoon)

Chelone glabra
(white turtlehead)

Geranium maculatum
(wild geranium)

Helianthus
(sunflowers)

Rosa blanda
(smooth wild rose)

Eupatorium perfoliatum
(common boneset)

Verbena stricta
(hoary vervain)

Dalea villosa
(silky prairie clover)

Veronicastrum virginicum
(Culver's root)

Agastache foeniculum
(anise hyssop)

Heliopsis helianthoides
(smooth oxeye)

Liatris aspera
(rough blazing star)

Oenothera rhombipetala
(fourpoint evening primrose)

Physostegia virginiana
(obedient plant)

Cephalanthus occidentalis
(buttonbush)

Solidago speciosa
(showy goldenrod)

Gentiana andrewsii
(bottle gentian)

Pycnanthemum virginianum
(Virginia mountain mint)

Asclepias tuberosa
(butterfly milkweed)

Blephilia hirsuta
(hairy woodmint)

Diervilla lonicera
(bush honeysuckle)

Penstemon grandiflorus
(large beardtongue)

Staphylea trifolia
(American bladdernut)

Lobelia siphilitica
(blue lobelia)

Monarda punctata
(dotted horsemint)

Eutrochium purpureum
(sweet Joe Pye weed)

Lupinus perennis
(wild lupine)

Cirsium discolor
(pasture thistle)

Helenium autumnale
(sneezeweed)

Vernonia fasciculata
(common ironweed)

Allium cernuum
(nodding onion)

Symphyotrichum, Eurybia
(asters)

Silphium
(cup plant, prairie dock)

Hydrophyllum virginianum
(Virginia waterleaf)

Monarda fistulosa
(wild bergamot)

Scrophularia lanceolata
(lance-leaved figwort)


External Links
Bombus Species in Minnesota
Scientific Name | Host | Sociality | Nest |
|---|---|---|---|
Bombus affinis | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus ashtoni (B. bohemicus) | Bombus (Gibbs 2023) - SH rank: possibly extirpated from state | parasitic | |
Bombus auricomus | eusocial | aboveground | |
Bombus bimaculatus | eusocial | below- and aboveground | |
Bombus borealis | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus citrinus | Bombus bimaculatus, B. impatiens, B. vagans (Gibbs 2023) | parasitic | |
Bombus fervidus | eusocial | aboveground | |
Bombus flavidus (B. fernalde) | Bombus | parasitic | |
Bombus fraternus | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus frigidus | eusocial | ||
Bombus griseocollis | eusocial | below- and aboveground | |
Bombus huntii | eusocial | ||
Bombus impatiens | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus insularis | Bombus ternarius (Williams et al. 2014) | parasitic | |
Bombus melanopygus | eusocial | ||
Bombus nevadensis | eusocial | ||
Bombus pensylvanicus | eusocial | aboveground | |
Bombus perplexus | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus rufocinctus | eusocial | aboveground | |
Bombus sandersoni | eusocial | ||
Bombus suckleyi | Bombus - SX rank: presumed extirpated from state | parasitic | |
Bombus ternarius | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus terricola | eusocial | belowground | |
Bombus vagans | eusocial | below- and aboveground | |
Bombus variabilis | B. pensylvanicus. B. variabilis rank SX: presumed extirpated from state | parasitic |
Source: Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Minnesota Bee Species List (August 2023).
https://files.dnr.state.mn.us/eco/mcbs/mn-statewide-bee-list.pdf
Distribution

Bombus affinis

Bombus ashtoni (bohemicus)

Bombus auricomus



Bombus bimaculatus












Bombus Annual Nest Cycle

Gynes emerge from hibernation.
Workers emerge from nest and collect pollen and nectar.
Gynes establish nest and collect pollen and nectar from flowers.
Gynes search for a nest site.
Males begin emerging.
Some males
establish
territories.
New gynes emerge from nest and visit flowers to sequester fat.
New gynes mate
with a male.
New gynes excavate a
shallow hibernation burrow.
NEST ESTABLISHED
NEST ENDS
Males, workers, and queen perish.
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Citations and Further Reading
Droege, S., Shumar, S., & Maffei, C. (2024). The Very Handy Bee Manual (2.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812755
Gibbs, J., Hanuschuk, E., Miller, R., Dubois, M., Martini, M., Robinson, S., ... & Onuferko, T. M. (2023). A checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Manitoba, Canada. The Canadian Entomologist, 155, e3.
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Mitchell, T. B. (1960). Bees of the eastern United States. Technical Bulletin No. 141. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station.
Portman, Z. M., Gardner, J., Lane, I. G., Gerjets, N., Petersen, J. D., Ascher, J. S., ... & Cariveau, D. P. (2023). A checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Minnesota. Zootaxa, 5304(1), 1-95.
Williams, P. H., Thorp, R. W., Richardson, L. L., & Colla, S. R. (2014). Bumble bees of North America: an identification guide. Princeton University Press
Wilson, J. S., & Messinger Carril, O. J. (2016). The bees in your backyard: a guide to North America's bees. Princeton University Press.
Page Photography Credits
Heather Holm
Steve Mlodinow CC BY-NC 4.0 (Brachymelecta)
Michelle Orcutt CC-BY-NC 4.0 (Epimelissodes female)
Page Illustration Credits
Elaine Evans, Xerces Society - bumble bee illustrations
















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